Paper Details

Sectarianism is one of the most complex and persistent phenomena shaping modern political and social realities. Rooted in religious, ethnic, and ideological identities, sectarian divisions continue to influence institutional policies, electoral outcomes, national identity, and social cohesion. This research paper critically examines the historical, discursive, and structural dimensions of sectarianism, analyzing how power, identity, and inequality intersect to sustain conflict. Through a multidisciplinary and interpretivist lens, it investigates the role of political manipulation, institutional discrimination, and discursive framing in entrenching sectarian divisions. The study also explores strategies for mitigation and transformation, including inclusive governance, educational reform, and symbolic reconciliation. It concludes that dismantling sectarianism requires not only legal and structural reform, but also a transformation of the narratives and discourses that legitimize exclusion and fear.

Sectarianism, Identity Politics, Discourse, Conflict, Power, Religion, Inequality, Governance, Inclusion