Paper Details

The Syrian Civil War, which began in 2011, represents one of the most complex and devastating conflicts of the 21st century, marked by widespread humanitarian crises, regional instability, and international intervention. This research paper explores the roots and evolution of the conflict, tracing its origins from peaceful protests during the Arab Spring to a multi-faceted war involving government forces, rebel groups, Islamist factions, and foreign powers. It analyses the socio-political conditions that fuelled the uprising, including authoritarian governance, economic disparity, and sectarian tensions. The study also examines the roles of major international actors such as the United States, Russia, Iran, and Turkey, and the implications of their involvement on the war's trajectory and resolution efforts. Furthermore, the paper assesses the impact of the conflict on civilian populations, including mass displacement, human rights violations, and the refugee crisis.

Syrian Civil War, Arab Spring, authoritarianism, sectarian conflict, humanitarian crisis, foreign intervention, United States, Russia, Iran, Turkey, refugee crisis, displacement, human rights, Middle East politics, international relations.